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1. What is the primary goal of sustainable development?
a) Economic growth at any cost
b) Achieving a balance between economic, social, and environmental factors******
c) Maximizing profits for corporations
d) Exploiting natural resources without considering future generations
2. Which of the following is a key principle of sustainable development?
a) Overexploitation of natural resources
b) Social inequality
c) Environmental conservation******
d) Short-term profit maximization
3. Which greenhouse gas is primarily responsible for global warming?
a) Carbon dioxide (CO2)******
b) Methane (CH4)
c) Nitrous oxide (N2O)
d) Ozone (O3)
4. What is the main source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions?
a) Transportation
b) Deforestation
c) Industrial processes*****
d) Agriculture
5. What is the term used to describe the increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities?
a) Climate variability
b) Global warming******
c) Climate change
d) Greenhouse effect
6. Which of the following is NOT a potential impact of climate change?
a) Rising sea levels
b) Increased frequency of extreme weather events
c) Decreased biodiversity
d) Decreased greenhouse gas emissions******
7. What is the primary cause of deforestation?
a) Urbanization
b) Agriculture expansion
c) Industrial pollution******
d) Desertification
8. Which of the following is an example of renewable energy?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Solar power****
d) Nuclear power
9. Which international agreement aims to limit global temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels?
a) Kyoto Protocol*****
b) Paris Agreement
c) Copenhagen Accord
d) Montreal Protocol
10. What is the term used to describe the ability of a system to recover from disturbances?
a) Resilience******
b) Adaptation
c) Mitigation
d) Sustainability
11. Which of the following is NOT a pillar of sustainability?
a) Environmental protection
b) Social equity
c) Economic growth
d) Political stability*****
12. What is the term used to describe the process of gradually raising the Earth's temperature due to human activities?
a) Climate change
b) Global warming******
c) Ozone depletion
d) Acid rain
13. Which of the following is a consequence of ocean acidification?
a) Increased coral reef growth
b) Decreased marine biodiversity*****
c) Enhanced shell formation in marine organisms
d) Reduced sea levels
14. Which sector is the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions?
a) Transportation
b) Industry******
c) Agriculture
d) Residential and commercial buildings
15. What is the main driver of urbanization?
a) Industrialization******
b) Rural depopulation
c) Environmental degradation
d) Government policies
16. Which of the following is NOT a potential solution to mitigate climate change?
a) Afforestation
b) Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
c) Fossil fuel combustion******
d) Renewable energy adoption
17. What is the term used to describe the long-term changes in weather patterns, including temperature and precipitation?
a) Climate change*******
b) Global warming
c) Greenhouse effect
d) Ozone depletion
18. Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service?
a) Air pollution
b) Soil erosion
c) Pollination*****
d) Deforestation
19. What is the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer?
a) Carbon dioxide emissions
b) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)*****
c) Methane emissions
d) Nitrous oxide emissions
20. Which of the following is NOT an effect of climate change on human health?
a) Increased risk of infectious diseases
b) Heat-related illnesses
c) Improved air quality*****
d) Food and water insecurity
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